france and germany were once part of what kingdom

460–461. Upon Louis XV's death, his grandson Louis XVI became king. [35] Louis Philippe appointed notable bourgeois as Prime Minister, like banker Casimir Périer, academic François Guizot, general Jean-de-Dieu Soult, and thus obtained the nickname of "Citizen King" (Roi-Citoyen). Latin is all that separates us, but there’s a reason the Burgundian inheritance, Elsass-Lothringen went to Austria, not France, and it’s because both Austria, and Austrasia are the “Osterreich”. Emerging victorious from said conflicts, France subsequently sought to extend its influence into Italy, but was defeated by Spain and the Holy Roman Empire in the ensuing Italian Wars (1494–1559). An adherent of the theory of the "Divine Right of Kings", which advocates the divine origin of temporal power and any lack of earthly restraint of monarchical rule, Louis XIV continued his predecessors' work of creating a centralized state governed from the capital of Paris. Pinkney, David H. "Two Thousand Years of Paris,", Symes, Carol. what? After Germany’s defeat of France in June 1940, the region was attached to the “Reich”. While France had not yet experienced the Industrial Revolution that was beginning in Britain, the rising middle class of the cities felt increasingly frustrated with a system and rulers that seemed silly, frivolous, aloof, and antiquated, even if true feudalism no longer existed in France. A growing urban-based Protestant minority (later dubbed Huguenots) faced ever harsher repression under the rule of Francis I's son King Henry II. Groupings by compass directions are the hardest to define in Europe, since there are a few calculations of the midpoint of Europe (among other issues), and the pure geographical criteria of "east" and "west" are often confused with the political meaning these words acquired during the Cold War Era. These three treaties cleared the way for France to undertake the long Italian Wars (1494–1559), which marked the beginning of early modern France. Necker had resigned in 1781 to be replaced by Calonne and Brienne, before being restored in 1788. thank you. The monarchy was restored by the other great powers in 1814 and lasted (except for the Hundred Days in 1815) until the French Revolution of 1848. To simplify matters, just remember that both France and Germany come originally from the division of Charlemagne’s empire between three of his grandsons (a fourth one had died in the meantime): Louis, Charles le Chauve (meaning “the Bald“; he just liked to be clean-shaven), and Lothair. When a Seventh European Coalition again deposed Napoleon after the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, the Bourbon monarchy was once again restored. The German Empire was founded in 1871, after three successful wars by the North German state of Prussia. That is, until it was lost to Germany between 1871 and 1919. However, disputes among Henry's descendants over the division of his French territories, coupled with John of England's lengthy quarrel with Philip II, allowed Philip II to recover influence over most of this territory. [9], The Renaissance era was noted for the emergence of powerful centralized institutions, as well as a flourishing culture (much of it imported from Italy). [7], The death of Charles IV of France in 1328 without male heirs ended the main Capetian line. Very interesting history about the origins of France and Germany. Austria is a continuation of the same kingdom the Franks set up in the German lowlands, but the territory they controlled stretched from Narbonne to Bavaria. However, this had been forbidden by the victorious allied powers of the First World War (the Treaty of Saint-Germain ) and by the Czechoslovak government, partly with force of arms in 1919. That might seem blindingly obvious to us now, but actually it is not typical in history for every nation to have his or her own state. Despite the conclusion of a Concordat between France and the Papacy (1516), granting the crown unrivalled power in senior ecclesiastical appointments, France was deeply affected by the Protestant Reformation's attempt to break the hegemony of Catholic Europe.

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